| The quality of the national
business environment is shaped by government, universities
and schools, infrastructure, standard-setting agencies,
other organizations, and the private sector.
A consistent edge for the Philippines has been in its
quality of management and business education. In terms
of overall infrastructure, however, the country has
remained globally uncompetitive. Moreover, the Philippines
placed eighth from the bottom in terms of costs imposed
on businesses by bribes to influence government policies,
laws, and regulations.
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